Flowering nettle plant (Urtica) wakili ne na dangin nettle. Wannan nau'in halittar ya hada fiye da nau'ikan 50 daban-daban. A cikin daji, ana iya haɗuwa da su cikin yankuna masu zafi a cikin hemispheres biyu. A cikin latitude na tsakiya, nau'in kamar saurin nettle (lat. Urtica urens) da dioecious nettle (lat. Urtica dioica), waɗanda kuma ana kiranta stinging nettle, dragonfly or dragonfly, sune mafi yawa. Shuke-shuke na wannan nau'in sune magunguna masu mahimmanci da kayan abinci mai mahimmanci, kuma ana fitar da chlorophyll daga gare su akan sikelin masana'antu, wanda aka yi amfani dashi sosai a masana'antun magunguna da ƙanshi.
Abubuwan Nettle
Irin wannan perennial ko shuka na shekara-shekara kamar nettle na iya zama dioecious ko monoecious. -Aya-yanki, faranti farantin suna da serrated, serrated ko uku mai gefe. A farfajiya na ganye da harbe-harben akwai yawan adadi da yawan ƙonewa. Inflorescences na karya mai kyan gani ya hada da furanni ko furanni. 'Ya'yan itace' ya'yan itace ne na squashed na lebur, wanda aka rufe da abu kamar kaskon.
Tsarin gashin gashi na wannan tsirrai, wanda yake babban sel ne, yayi daidai da ampoule na likita. A ciki akwai ruwan 'ya'yan itace, a cikin kayan sa akwai acid acid, choline da histamine. Idan kun taɓa irin wannan gashi, to sashinta na sama yana karyewa yana manne a cikin fatar fata. Ruwan da ke karkashin fata yana haifar da ƙonawar ƙonewar firikwensin kawai a cikin wurin da ya taɓa banɗam ɗin. A matsayinka na mai mulki, irin waɗannan ƙone-ƙone ba su cutar da lafiyar ɗan adam. Koyaya, akwai nau'ikan ƙwayar cuta da yawa waɗanda ƙonewarsu zai iya zama mai ƙima ga mutane. A Rasha, nettle ya fi son girma kusa da fences, a cikin lambuna na kayan lambu, ciyayi mai rudani, wadataccen wuri, wuraren share gandun daji, kusa da hanyoyi, tare da bankunan jikin ruwa, a cikin rami, da kuma a cikin kwari. Gaskiyar cewa dioecious nettle ya warkar da kaddarorin an san mutane da daɗewa, a cikin wannan, irin wannan ciyawar ciyawa tana girma kamar lambu, kuma ana horar da ita kan sikelin masana'antu.
Nettle namo
Nettle zai iya girma sosai a al'ada ba tare da kulawa ta musamman ba, amma idan aka dasa shi cikin ƙasa musamman an shirya shi da ƙasa, to, ci gaba da bunƙasa daji zai inganta. Sake bugun irin wannan shuka ana yin shi ne ta zuriya da kuma sassan rhizomes. Shirya tsaba kafin shuka ba lallai bane, amma idan an daidaita su tsawon makwanni 4 a zazzabi na digiri 0-5, to saurin su zai karu da kashi 20-30.
Stinging nettle, wanda yake perennial, an bada shawara don yayi girma a yankin da aka cika lit ko a cikin inuwa, ƙasa yakamata yashi ya kasance ko yashi. Dole ne a tsabtace wurin da ciyawar rhizome. Ana yin shuka ne a farkon bazara ko kafin hunturu, yayin da bayyanar seedlingsan farkon seedlings na iya faruwa har a lokacin zafin jiki na 8 na digiri. Da farko, an haɗu da tsaba tare da yashi, sannan a binne su 10-15 cm a cikin ƙasa, ya kamata a bar nisa na 0.6 zuwa 0.7 m tsakanin layuka .. Ya kamata a rufe farfajiya na yankin tare da amfanin gona tare da bakin ciki (kusan 0,5 cm lokacin farin ciki) na humus ko peat, kuma idan an yi shuka da shuka a farkon bazara, sannan har sai farkon seedlingsan itacen ya bayyana, ya zama dole don tabbatar da cewa ƙasa tana da ɗan daɗaɗa a koyaushe. Idan an aiwatar da shuka kafin hunturu, 'ya'yan fari na farko zasu bayyana a watan Afrilu, kuma idan a cikin bazara - sannan a watan Mayu.
Don yaduwar ƙwayar cuta ta hanyar ciyawa a cikin bazara, ya zama dole don fitar da rhizome daga ƙasa, wanda aka yanke guntu, yayin da tsayin su ya bambanta daga 8 zuwa 10 santimita. Sannan ana dasa delenki a cikin sabon wuri zuwa zurfin santimita 8, yayin da yakamata a kula da nisan da ke tsakanin ramuka a nisan kusan 0.6 m. A cikin dunƙulen da aka yada ta wannan hanyar, ana lura da farawar weeksan makonni 4 a baya idan aka kwatanta da girma daga tsaba.
Nettle kulawa
Watanni 2 na farko, masu shuka zasu yi rauni sosai, yayin da ci gaban su da ci gaban su zasu kasance cikin jinkiri sosai. Amma a yanzu bushes zai fara girma sosai da sauri, kuma nan da nan zai zama mai yawa da kuma alama. Babu wani abu mai rikitarwa a cikin kula da wannan shuka. Yakamata ya tabbatar da ingantaccen ruwa, shimfidawa, kayan miya da kuma weeding. Don ban ruwa, ana bada shawara don amfani da ruwa daga maɓuɓɓugar ruwa, rijiya ko ruwan sama, yayin da dole ne a fara mai zafi a rana.
Nettle yana buƙatar adadin mai yawa na nitrogen, amma ba a ba da shawarar amfani da takin ma'adinai don ciyar ba. Yana da kyau a maye gurbinsu da takin da aka bushe ko kuma taki.
Kula da wannan shuka yana sauƙaƙe ta gaskiyar cewa yana da tsayayya sosai ga kwari da cututtuka. Koyaya, alamomin kwatancen kwastomomin bolaji na iya warware ta, zasu buƙaci tattara su da hannu a watan Yuni. Abu ne mai sauki a tara su, saboda suna zaune cikin gungu, amma kar a manta da matakan aminci, tunda nettle na iya barin ƙone ƙone a hannun.
Nettle girbi da kuma ajiya
Nettles suna amfani da rhizomes, tsaba, da faranti na ganye a matsayin kayan da ake warkarwa. Dioecious nettle foliage an girbe a watan Yuni-Satumba, lokacin da tsire-tsire Bloom. Wasu lambu suna ba da shawara ga tattara ganye ta hanyar sa safofin hannu, wasu suna sare ciyawa, kuma idan aka yi saurin bushewa, sukan datse faranti da hannayensu. An yi imanin cewa ya fi dacewa a tattara ganye a ranar Talata da alfijir a farkon kwatancin wata. Dangane da kalandar rana, irin waɗannan kayan albarkatun za su sami ikon warkarwa na musamman.
Ya kamata a shimfiɗa foliage da aka tattara a wani wuri a cikin wani wuri mai inuwa (a cikin ɗaki a ƙarƙashin ɗaki ko ƙarƙashin alfarwa), masana'antar da aka yada ko takarda. Ya kamata a lura cewa kazantar murfin kada ya wuce santimita 3-5. Idan sun bushe a rana, to, wani ɓangare na kaddarorin warkarwa zasu ɓace, ganye kuma da kansu zasu zama marasa launi. Don bushe su, idan kuna so, zaku iya amfani da tanda, yayin saita zafin jiki zuwa digiri 50, kuma barin ƙofar buɗe. A cikin ganyayyaki bushe gaba ɗaya, veins na tsakiya da petioles zasu fashe ba tare da ƙoƙari ba. Za su sami ƙanshin mai ƙanshi mai laushi, launin koren duhu mai duhu da ɗan ɗanɗano kaɗan. Ya kamata a lura cewa a fitarwa girman kayan albarkatun zai kasance 1/5 na ƙarar asali. Ganyen da ya bushe yakamata a ware shi, yayin da ya zama dole don cire duk launin rawaya, baƙi da launin ruwan kasa, da zuriyar dabbobi. Don adana ajiya, an zuba su cikin jakunkuna na takarda ko takarda, wanda dole ne a sanya shi cikin rijiya mai-bushe, bushe, duhu. Za a iya adana kayan raɓa ba fiye da shekara biyu.
Ya kamata a tattara ƙwayoyin inga ofan da saukakkun abubuwa masu kyau sai bayan sun cikakke. Yawanci, wannan na faruwa kwanaki 20 bayan da shuka ta fadada a watan Satumba. A babba sassa na nettle ya kamata a yanka, dan kadan bushe da threshed.
Dioecious nettle rhizomes ana bada shawara don cirewa a cikin bazara ko kaka. An cire dukkanin datti daga gare su, sannan kuma suna bushewa da zazzabi na digiri 40. Don ajiya, zaɓi duhu, bushe da bushe. Rhizomes suna riƙe halayensu masu amfani har shekara uku. Idan kuna girbin ƙwayoyin katako, to ku tuna cewa zaku buƙaci barin kashi 10-15 na bushes akan shafin don sabuntawa, saboda yayin tattara kayan albarkatun ku dole ku lalata shuka gaba ɗaya. A lokaci guda, kuna buƙatar sanin cewa a cikin wannan yanki zai yiwu a sake tattara rhizomes bayan shekaru 3.
Iri da nau'ikan nettles tare da hotuna da sunaye
Iri Nettle tare da warkarwa kaddarorin:
Mating nettle
Wannan tsire-tsire na herbaceous perennial yana da tushe mai ƙarfi, yayin da rhizome yake a kwance, ana saka shi. Tsawon daji ya bambanta daga 0.6 zuwa m 2. A saman dukkan sassan sassan jikin tsiron suna da gashi. A kan harbe elongated suna madaidaiciya ko hawa mai tushe mai tushe. An shirya haɓakar gaba da juna. Duhu mai sauƙi mai sauƙi, mai gefe ɗaya, kayan ruwan ganye mai tsayi suna da tsayi mai tsayi. Tsawonsu kusan santimita 17 ne, kuma faɗin faɗin kusan santimita 8. Ganyayyaki na iya samun kyallen-lanceolate, yanayin gaba ko kuma wata-wata-zuciya, ƙasa da sauƙaƙe akwai farantin elliptical tare da gindin zuciya. Illaryananan abubuwa masu ƙyalƙyashe masu fasalin ƙarfe sun haɗa da ƙananan furanni mara haske na launin rawaya, pistillate da staminate. 'Ya'yan itace mai ciwo ne wanda ake matsawa na wani nau'in biconvex na launin shuɗi ko launin shuɗi mai haske. Kimanin tsaba dubu 22 na iya yin huda akan daji ɗaya.
Mating nettle
Wannan tsire-tsire na dioecious herbaceous shekara-shekara ya furrowed tetrahedral madaidaiciya harbe, wanda girmansa zai iya kaiwa santimita 15-35, glandular hairs mai wucin gadi ana samin saman su. Ganye mai duhu, baftatacce, faranti masu ganyaye masu tsayayye waɗanda suke da kamanni mai faɗi ko kuma ba dama, kuma tsawon sa ya kai 20-60 mm. A farfajiyar su akwai adon manyan gashin masu baƙi. Axananan furanni axillary ana fentin kore, ana tattara su a kunne ko kuma ba aure. Irin waɗannan furanni masu tsattsarka ne ko kuma pistillate. 'Ya'yan itacen itace goro ne ko akwati da aka shuka iri-iri.
Nettle Properties: cutarwa da fa'idodi
Hanyoyin warkarwa
Kwalayen ganye na Nettle sun ƙunshi bitamin A, H, C, E da K, B1, B2, B4, B5, B6, B9, niacin, macro, chlorine, alli, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, sodium, abubuwa masu gano farin ƙarfe, barium, aluminium, molybdenum, baƙin ƙarfe, zinc, selenium da manganese. Lemun tsami ya ƙunshi sau biyu ƙasa da ascorbic acid fiye da nettle. A lokaci guda, adadin bitamin A a cikin wannan tsiro ya ɗan fi wanda ke cikin itacen buckthorn, karas, alayyafo da zobo. Har yanzu a cikin wannan shuka akwai tannins, maras tabbas, chlorophyll, flavonoids da acid acid - gallus da formic.
Ganyayyaki yana da sakamako mai amfani da cututtukan zuciya, kuma yana faɗa da kumburi. Har ila yau ganyayyaki suna ba da gudummawa ga haɓakar haemoglobin, sautin igiyar ciki, da ƙidaya jini. Ana amfani da wannan albarkatun ƙasa don magance cututtuka na mafitsara da hanta, anemia, radiculitis, huhun huhu, rheumatism da cuta na rayuwa a cikin jiki. An kuma nuna cewa Nettle yana da fa'ida sosai wajen magance cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan zuciya da na adenoma.
A cikin madadin magani, akwai magunguna don magunguna waɗanda ke da laxative, diuretic, anticonvulsant, warkarwa mai rauni, expectorant da sakamako mai ƙarfi gaba ɗaya. Idan kayi amfani da ganye na wannan shuka da tsari, zaka iya rabu da sauri ba raunuka da manyan raunuka ba, yayin da jiko na nettle, wanda aka yi amfani dashi azaman wanka, damfara da lotions, zasu iya ajiye gashi daga fadowa. Tun daga zamanin da, ana amfani da irin wannan tsiron don kula da gashi, don wannan akwai buƙatar ku haɗa 200 ml na ruwa mai sabo wanda aka dafa tare da 2 ko 3 manyan tebur na bushe, bayan sa'a 1, dole ne a haɗa jiko. Don irin wannan maƙasudi, zaka iya amfani da farar nettle. Don dafa shi, kuna buƙatar haɗa 1 tbsp. ruwa, 1 babban cokali na bushe shredded rhizome da wannan adadin bushe foliage. Cakuda an dafa shi tsawon minti 30, sannan a ɗan sanyaya. Ya kamata a shafa shi a cikin fatar, yayin da baku buƙatar wanke gashin ku bayan wannan, an ɗan shafe su da tawul.
Wannan shuka ana amfani dashi don ƙirƙirar cakuda mai narkewa, wanda aka bada shawara don ciyar da tumatir. Don yin wannan, farantin ganye da lafiyayyun ganye dole ne a yanka kafin a ƙirƙiri tsaba. Ana ɗaukar babban akwati kuma an cika shi da tarwatse, wanda aka cakuda shi da ragowar kayayyakin yin burodi. A sakamakon hakan, should. Sa'an nan kuma ƙara ruwa zuwa cakuda wanda dole ne a narkar da yisti, yayin da matakin da aka ƙaddara ba zai iya wucewa ba. An sanya akwati a cikin wuri mai zafi don kwanaki 3-5, wanda zai ba da damar cakuda ya ferment, kar a manta da haɗa shi da tsari. Tumatir ana buƙatar ciyar da wannan cakuda sau ɗaya kowace kwana 7.
Nettle miya suna da matukar farin jini. An zuba mai zaitun a cikin kwanon ruwar sannan a sanya alayyafo da farin albasa a ciki na tsawon mintuna 7. Ruwan gishiri kuma tafasa dankali a ciki, daga abin da aka shirya puree ta amfani da fenti. A wannan yanayin, ba a cire akwati tare da dankali daga ƙaramin wuta ba a hankali cream, saniya saniya da madara an shigar da su cikin puree. A ƙarshen, ƙara albasa tare da ganyayyaki maras ma'amala kuma haɗa komai a ƙananan hanzari. A cikin miya, an zubar akan faranti, zaku iya ƙara cuku Gaudi cuku ko kirim mai tsami. Don 1.5 kilogiram na dankalin turawa, dankalin turawa, 0.5 l na madara, 0.3 l na cream, 2 karamin tablespoons na man shanu na man shanu, ana ɗaukar ƙwayar sabo ne na sabo. Sauran kayan an sanya su dandana.
Contraindications
Ba za ku iya amfani da nettles da samfuran da aka yi akan tushenta ba, mata masu juna biyu, musamman ma cikin ƙarshen satin ƙarshe. Hakanan, ya kamata a barshi ga mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan thrombophlebitis.
