Thrips ƙananan kwari ne, wanda girmansa bai wuce 1 mm ba. Matsakaicin zafin jiki don aikin thrips shine + 21-29С, lokacin da ya ragu a ƙasa + 11С, sun rasa aiki gaba ɗaya. Duk da cewa wadannan kwari suna da fikafikai, thrips basu da motsi. Larvae na waɗannan kwari kusan daidai yake da manya, amma sun fi wuta kuma ba tare da fuka-fuki.
Cutarwa daga thrips
Wadannan kwari soki ganye Kwayoyin, inflorescences, fure fure da tsotse ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga gare su. A wuraren da tuni an riga an fara yin hakan, voids sun bayyana a cikin ganyayyaki, wanda hakan ke sanya farjin su yayi haske da siliki. Bayan ɗan lokaci sooty ko sauran kwari sun shiga cikin wuraren wofi. Bar masu cutar tare da thrips ba su shiga cikin photosynthesis, kuma bayan wani ɗan gajeren lokaci suka bushe.
Wasu nau'ikan thrips suna zaune akan furanni da furanni, suna ciyar da ruwan 'ya'yan itacen furannin furanni. Me yasa buds suna kama da mummuna, sun faɗi ba tare da buɗewa ba, kuma koda sun buɗe, to wannan fure zai rigaya an cire shi gaba ɗaya. Kari akan haka, kwari sune dillalai da yawa daga cikin cututtukan hoto, alal misali, ƙwayar cuta mai narkewa ko kuma alamar ringi.
A cikin akwati a lokacin da thrips kai hari an miƙa wa riga ya buɗe furanni daga cikin bushes, da petals na toho zama an rufe da scratches, launin ruwan kasa-rawaya aibobi, da sauri bushe fita, da inflorescences wither kafin lokacin, da furanni da sauri fada a kashe. Yawancin waɗannan kwari furanni masu fararen fure suna wahala. Kusan dukkanin tsire-tsire na lambu suna wahala daga thrips.
Na furanni na cikin gida, waɗannan kwari sun fi shafar waɗannan kwari:
- Amaryllis
- Anthurium
- Ficus Benjamin;
- begonia;
- rubbery ficus;
- orchids
- variegated ficus;
- karo
- shuɗi mai ruwan shuɗi;
- mutuffenbachia;
- kararrawa;
- fuchsia;
- Chrysanthemum
- dabino;
- cineraria;
- monstera;
- cyclamen.
Lokacin da thrips farmaki bar, suna sosai a sauƙaƙe rikice tare da ƙwayoyin gizo-gizo, tunda a lokuta biyun ganyayyaki suna samun launi kala.
Amma, ba kamar ticks, thrips ba ya haifar da yanar gizo tsakanin ganye. A bayyane alamar kasancewar thrips shine kasancewar murƙushe pollen daga pistils akan furen fure ko akan ciyawar daji. Koyaya, pollen shima yana fashewa lokacin zafi, iska mai ƙarfi, yayin jigilar kaya, ko kuma kawai ya wuce kusa, yana taɓa daji. Ta hanyar duban furanni da furanni a hankali, zaku iya ganin alamun rawaya ko tatsi, kasancewar su yana rage ado.
Don tabbatar da daidaituwa cewa akwai kwari a kan furanni, kuna buƙatar ɗaukar couplean uwan fure biyu kuma girgiza su a kan takarda mai tsabta.
Abu ne mai wahala sosai sanin ko wane irin nau'in bunƙasa yake a cikin lambunanku da kuma gidajenku, saboda ƙananan girman su da saurin bambancin nau'in. Mafi yawan kwari mafi yawan su ne:
- Itaciyar fure ta Amurka;
- fure na yamma;
- dracenic;
- rosanny;
- bulbous;
- taba da kuma wasu nau'in halittu.
Iri thrips
California yana bunƙasa
Girman girma yakai kimanin mm 2, launin yana iya bambanta daga rawaya mai haske zuwa rawaya mai haske. Wannan nau'in kwaro ya fi son zama a kan furanni da fure, amma haifuwar kwaro da kan ganye yana iya yiwuwa. Wadannan thrips sunada hatsarin gaske saboda an dauke masu ɗaukar ƙwayar tumatirwanda ya ba furannin tumatir launi na tagulla.
Thwarin California shine babban polyphage mai adalci. Ana iya samun wannan kwaro a kan cucumbers, barkono, tumatir, albasa, apricots, inabi, strawberries da wasu kayan lambu da kayan marmari, kuma akan furanni da furanni daban-daban: wardi, karrarawa, gerberas, tulips, chrysanthemums, daisies, cyclamens, cineraria , senpolia.
Adult jinsin da larvae wannan kwaro ciyar a kan salula salula na furanni. Wannan na farko yana haifar da samuwar veins na rawaya akan berries, ganye ko fure, streaks; na lokaci, ƙwayoyin shuka suna mutu a waɗannan rukunin kamuwa da cuta. Rashin nasarar fure fure a cikin kayan lambu da tsire-tsire na 'ya'yan itace yana haifar da lalacewa ta fure da berries.
Misali, muhimmi curlo na inflorescences da ƙonewa fruitsan itatuwan tumatir - alama ta farko da wannan kwari ke kan daji. A kan Chrysanthemums a gaban ƙwayoyin California, kamuwa da cuta ba su buɗe ya mutu.
Taba taba
Wannan kwaro ya kai girman 1.4 mm, yana da launin ruwan kasa mai haske ko launin ruwan kasa mai laushi. Larvae na iya zama launin ruwan kasa mai haske, rawaya ko fari.
Kwaro ya cutar da ire-iren al'adun gargajiya sama da 450. Wannan lambar ta hada da kayan ado da kayan marmari na kayan lambu. Mafi yawan duka, wannan nau'in thrips yana haifar da lahani ga tafarnuwa, eggplant, albasa, tumatir, cucumbers, kankana - guna, kankana, kabewa, ƙarancin faski, kabeji, radish, turnip.
Amurkan Amurkawa
Kwaro mai launin ruwan kasa ko launin ruwan kasa mai duhu, mai girma a cikin girman daga 1.4 mm (namiji) zuwa 1.9 mm (mace). Irin wannan nau'in kwaro ya fi so a same shi sau da yawa akan ganye, inda larvae ke barin jikin ƙyallen mace.
An gano irin wannan nau'in thrips a cikin 80s. na karni na ƙarshe a Holland a mafi kyawun nunin furannin furanni, inda akwai tsirrai daga ko'ina cikin duniya. Da farko, an sami kwaro akan chrysanthemums. A yau, ana jigilar wannan kwaro a duniya akan furanni da aka yanke, harbe, tsire-tsire na cikin gida.
Da farko, ayyukan thrips ana ganuwa rawaya aibobi. Kasancewar tuni dozin yayi yawa akan daji daya ya riga ya isa furen yayi. Bishiyoyi 40-50 na iya haifar da bushewa da faduwar ganye, wanda ke faruwa daga ƙananan matakin. Kuma ko da yake wannan nau'in ba kai tsaye zai kai ga mutuwar daji ba, karin kwari yakan rage ado da tsirrai. A cikin neman abinci, kwari suna motsawa zuwa furanni da berries ko ga tsire-tsire kusa, kuma a wannan wuri tuni sun fara ayyukan rayuwa.
Tun da yawan nau'ikan wannan nau'in thrips shimfidawa da sauri, akwai babban yiwuwar kasancewar sa duka a kan dukkanin ornamental da bushes bushes, da kuma a kan sauran tsire-tsire kayan lambu da aka girma a cikin greenhouses da greenhouses.
Baƙar fata
Manya na iya kai tsayin kusan 1.2-1.6 mm, launin ruwan kasa mai duhu ko kusan launin launi tare da launin ruwan kasa mai duhu da fuka-fuki. Larvae mai launin rawaya ko fari a launi, ba kamar kwari manya ba, suna da ɗan gajeren gajarta da rashin fikafikai.
Yawancin manya da manya na wannan nau'in kwaro galibi ana samun su a bayan ganye. Matsakaicin lalacewar launi kusan iri ɗaya ne da na nau'in taba.
A rufaffiyar ƙasa (a cikin greenhouses, greenhouses) black thrips ne mai yalwatacce kuma zai iya haifa shekara-shekara. Duk tsofaffi da lardin su suna haifar da lahani, suna haifar da babbar illa ga cucumbers, tumatir, da sauran kayan lambu da 'ya'yan itace, gami da furanni na ado da kuma tukunyar filawa, musamman chrysanthemums. Black thrips daidai jure sanyi a cikin babba Layer na duniya a takin cikin rami ko karkashin ragowar ciyayi.
Carshe thrips
Babbar kwaro na iya samun girman har zuwa 1.5 mm, mace rawaya mai launin shuɗi, maza sun fi ƙanana da wuta. Larvae fararen fata ne.
Wannan nau'in kwaro shima babban polyphage ne kuma ana samun shi akan ƙwaryan manyan furanni masu adon gaske: dodo, orchids, kwastomomi, aralia, hibiscus, chrysanthemums, anthuriums, dracaena, ficus, itacen dabino da sauransu. A cikin yanayin muhalli, rijiyoyin dracaena galibi suna rayuwa ne a cikin yanayin ƙasa mai zafi da zafi. A cikin yankuna na arewacin, ya fi yawa a cikin bushes bushes a cikin greenhouses da greenhouses.
A samar da yanayin greenhouse na thrips gaba daya halaka kusan ba zai yiwu ba. A cikin mafi kyawun yanayin, ana adana lambar su a matakin da ba zai iya shafar kasuwancin kayayyakin ba. Wannan saboda kwari suna da kyakkyawan daidaitawa ga abubuwan da ke haɗari da sinadarai. Wannan ya fi gaskiya ga kwari da ke ciyar da furanni.
Yadda za a magance thrips?
Kula da iska mai ƙarfi a koyaushe. Ana iya amfani da wannan hanyar a kowane lokaci na shekara. Wannan zaɓi shine kyakkyawan kariya da kariya daga kwari.
A gida, lokacin da akwai yuwuwar, yana da kyau a cire furanni masu kamuwa da cututtukan ƙwayoyi daga ingantattun masu lafiya. Kawo furanni a hankali kamar yadda zai yiwu: lokacin girgiza, larvae mai sauƙin faɗuwa daga buds da ganye, kuma yana iya jira na dogon lokaci don sake zama a cikin bushes.
Dole ne a wanke wurin da furanni suka kamu da yayan fure. A cikin fure fure mai fure, yana da kyau a cire topsoil, saboda za'a iya samun larvae kwaro.
Lokacin aiki, zai fi kyau cire duk inflorescences da ganye ganye akan bushes. Yana ɗaukar jiyya 3-4 tare da tazara tsakanin kwanakin 9-12.
A kan aiwatar da furanni na cikin gida daga kwari, zaku iya amfani da babban kunshin. Sanya tukunyar filawa a ciki, fesawa da rufe da kyau tare da jaka na awoyi da yawa. Wannan hanya kuma ta dace don cire ƙwayoyin gizo-gizo.
Abinda kawai zaɓi don kashe thrips shine yi ƙwayoyin cuta da yawa tare da kwari na kwari, alal misali, wasan kwaikwayo ko motsa jiki (waɗannan sune magunguna mafi aminci don amfani a ɗaka). A kan bude ƙasa, zaku iya zaɓar Actara, agravertine, vertimec, mospilan, walƙiya, yayin da za'a iya amfani da hanyoyin waɗannan kudade duka don feshin ruwa da kuma ban ruwa a ƙarƙashin tushe. Haɗin haɗuwa mai ƙarfi yana da tasiri sosai, tare da ɗan ƙaramin shamfu da aka ƙara.
A cikin yaƙar wannan kwaro, ƙwayar maganin ƙwayar cuta, wanda maganin kashe kwari ne, ya nuna kansa daidai. Fesa tare da mai juya shi yana faruwa a fili bisa ga umarnin tare da tazara tsakanin 9-12 days.
Folk hanyoyin cire thrips tare da chrysanthemums
Gaurayawar ruwa bisa:
Marigolds:
- tushe mai shuka da furanni (zaka iya yin rauni a hankali) ana sanya su a cikin akwati har zuwa rabin ƙarfin;
- sannan ka hada ruwan dumi;
- ana kiyaye mafita tsawon kwanaki 2, ana ɗebo ruwan kuma ana amfani dashi don feshin.
Tumatir Firam:
- ciyawar da aka bushe (kimanin gram 45) ana zubar da ruwa a ɗakunan zazzabi;
- bar shi daga kimanin awa 4;
- Tace ruwa aka dildi da lita 1. sabon ruwa da amfani da maganin feshin ruwa.
Celandine:
- da yawa bunches na sabo celandine suna diluted da lita 1. ruwa;
- bayar da nace 1 rana;
- bayan haka cakuda yana shirye don amfani.
Thrips na iya ninkawa da sauri. Saboda haka, ganin cewa ciyawar da bushes ya fara zama rufe rawaya aibobi, da furanni da aka "strewn" tare da iri iri impregnations na m masana'anta da ramuka da duhu shaci, kana bukatar ka amsa nan da nan. A lokacin da sarrafa Chrysanthemums da sauran tsire-tsire, kuma yi amfani da taron jama'a na kwari.
