Shuka carnations a cikin greenhouses

Yawancin furanni da warin ban mamaki mai ban sha'awa kawai ga wannan fure suna yin carnation kusan shine mafi yawan furanni a duniya bayan wardi. Sabili da haka, mutane da yawa suna sha'awar yadda ake girma cloves a nasu yankin.

Clove - photophilous shuka, na bukatar akai matsakaici danshi. Cakuda ƙasa dole ne ya zama mai dausarwa, wadatar da kwayoyin halitta. Cloves suna girma a cikin katako mai kyau tare da ingantaccen haske a ko'ina cikin shekara. Tsarin ginin yakamata ya zama akalla 2.5 - 2.7 m. Kafin sanya shuki, an shigar da tsintsiya zurfin 0,5 a cikin kewayenta da kuma wuraren da ke gaba, a cikin wando ɗin, an shigar da raga mai ƙoshin wuta ko wani shinge. Madadin ƙasa, wacce aka zaɓa zuwa zurfin 50-60 cm, ana zubar da filaye daban-daban a cikin tsari: ana cakuda cakuden ɗanɗano da gawayi (30-35 cm cm) a ƙasan ramin kuma an zuba shi da ruwa (kamar lita 50 a kowace m 10). Bayan da balaga da ƙasa, ƙara 2 - 3 kilogiram na superphosphate da 200 g na ammonium nitrate ko crystalline (dangane da 1 m3 na cakuda da aka gabatar a baya). Bayan kwanaki 1 - 2, an haɓaka ma'adinan da danshi mai yalwar yawa (30 l a kowace m2 10) tare da maganin 0.2 - 0.5% na farin ƙarfe sulfate. Ana zubar da cakuda ƙasa a saman, wanda ya ƙunshi sassa uku na sawdust, 1/3 na peat da iri ɗaya, adadin shekaru, aƙalla shekaru uku. Hakanan ana cakuda wannan cakuda da ruwa kuma 20-30 g na phosphorus, nitrogen da potassium ana kara su cikin guga na ruwa. Bayan an farfasa, ƙasa ta haƙa da zurfi. Wajibi ne don tabbatar da cewa yanayin ƙasa yana tsaka tsaki ne ko ɗan ƙaramin acidic (pH a cikin kewayon 6.5 - 7). An yardar da dutsen don tsayawa na kwanaki 25 zuwa 30 don haɗa ƙasa.

Mafi kyawun lokacin dasa shuki da aka fara dasawa shine Maris, Afrilu. Kuna iya gudanar da wannan aikin a ƙarshen Afrilu - farkon watan Mayu. Tsarin dasa shine 10x15 cm, wannan shine tsire-tsire 60 - 65 a 1 m2, zurfin jigon tushen gututtukan rayuwa shine 1.5 - 2 cm. Ana yin daskararren ƙasa koyaushe, amma ba'a yarda da yawan zafinsa ba. Lokacin da tsire-tsire sun yi tushe, ya kamata a kai iska a kai a kai a kore iska. Yanayin zazzabi a cikin hunturu yayin rana yana kiyayewa tsakanin kewayon 10 - 13 ° С, da dare - 6 - 8 ° С, a lokacin rani mafi yawan zafin jiki shine 18 - 20 ° С. A cikin lokutan zafi, yana da kyau a shayar da greenhouse, yayin da ake rage zafin jiki sosai, kuma wutar ta kasance kyakkyawa.

Ana yin tsire-tsire ta hanyar narkar da kumburi na uku (idan kun rasa wannan lokacin, zaku iya tsunkule kumburin na huɗu da na shida).

A cikin bazara, ya kamata a aiwatar da sutura na sama kowane mako, zai fi dacewa tare da mullein, diluted da ruwa a cikin rabo na 1:10 tare da ƙari na 20 g na alli nitrate a guga na ruwa, 2 - 3 g na magnesium sulfate tare da ƙari na allunan micronutrient, wanda aka narkar da guga na ruwa.

Tsire-tsire suna kiyaye yawan amfaninsu har tsawon shekaru biyu, bayan haka an haye su kuma an lalace, tunda zasu iya zama tushen cututtuka da kwari. An tsabtace greenhouse, bayan haka yana da kyawawa don ƙirƙirar sabon substrate.

Za'a iya yanke yankan ko'ina cikin shekara, amma mafi kyau - a watan Fabrairu-Afrilu da a ƙarshen watan Agusta - farkon Satumba. Tsire-tsire suna yin furanni 8 zuwa watanni 12 bayan an fara jigilar rayayyun koto kuma watanni 3 zuwa 5 bayan narkar da ta ƙarshe.

A cikin hunturu, yana da kyau a ƙare cloves, wanda ke samar da haɓakar yawan amfanin furannin kasuwanni da kashi 10-15%.

Don grafting amfani da harbe tare da tsawon 12 zuwa 18 cm tare da nodes 2 zuwa 3. Bayan yankan, zazzabi mai rai ana amfani dashi kai tsaye tare da heteroauxin. Tushen raye rayayyun a kan sigogi tare da dumama ƙasa. An shirya gurbin daskarar ƙasa daga peat, ciyawar ƙasa da tsohuwar taki, ana ɗaukar daidai gwargwado. Ana zubar da shi da dunƙule na 3-4 cm akan yumɓu mai laushi, kuma a saman yashi mai tsabta tare da Layer na 2-3 cm kowane yanki dole ne a lalata shi da tururi, ruwan zãfi ko daskararren potassium.