Shuka kamar asplenium (Asplenium), wanda kuma ake kira ossicle, yana da alaƙar kai tsaye ga dangin Aspleniaceae. Ya kasance na halittar epiphytic ko terrestrial ferns, waɗanda suke tartsatsi sosai. Yawancin nau'ikan asplenium sun dace don haɓaka a gida.
Wannan shuka a cikin daji ana iya samun ta a wasu sassan duniya. Don haka, ana iya ganinta a cikin tsaunukan Gabashin Afirka, New Zealand, Australia, da Arewacin Indiya.
Shahararrun nau'ikan asplenium, girma a gida, suna da manyan ganye, waɗanda aka fentin su a cikin launi mai haske na launi daban-daban, wanda ke samar da rosette. Hakanan suna da ɗan gajeren hancin rhizome da kuma creeping, a saman wannda akwai sikeli mai taushi.
Siffar ganyayyaki sun bambanta: duka, cirrus, dissected, triangular, dogon xiphoid, kazalika da samun gefuna masu gewaye. A ƙananan farfajiya na ganye zai zama sporangia.
Wannan inji mai sauki ce ta girma, amma idan kawai don samar masa da kulawa ta dace. A cikin shekaru, wannan fern yana girma sosai a cikin faɗin fili, saboda koyaushe yana da sabon ganye daga tsakiyar mashigar. Yana bibiyar mummunar mummunar damuwa yayin da ganye ya taɓa.
Wasu sanannun ra'ayoyi
Asplenium gida (Asplenium nidus)
Ya yi kama da tsire-tsire na gidan bromeliad. Itace mai jigilar jigilar dabbobi kuma yawanci tana zama akan tabar wiwi ko kuma itacen ɓaure. Ganyayen fata duka na tsayi zasu iya kaiwa santimita 75. Sun kirkiro hanyar fita da fa'ida sosai. A cikin yanayin daji, sharan gona suna tarawa a cikin wannan mafita, haka kuma ruwa, shuka kuma yakan ci su.
Asplenium bulbiferous (Asplenium bulbiferum)
Wannan raguwa, ciyawar ciyawa yana da cikakkiyar juzu'a, cirrus ya fita tare da siffar triangular. An fentin su cikin haske kore kuma sun kai tsawon santimita 60.
Budsan itacen brood yana bayyana akan ganye na wannan tsiro, daga abin da tsawon lokaci yara ke girma cikin adadi masu yawa. Idan ka samar da karin zafi, to su, tun da sun fadi kasa ba ta da nisa daga mahaifiyar, za su iya yin tushe. Wannan nau'in ya girma a New Zealand.
Asplenium viviparous (Asplenium viviparum)
Wannan nau'in fern yana da ƙasa. Yana da tsayi (daga 40 zuwa 60 santimita), ganye da aka watsa tare da siffar mai kiɗa. A saman ganyayyaki, an kafa fure brood. A tsawon lokaci, sun faɗi kuma, samun kan m ƙasa na ƙasa, saiwoyi.
Kulawar gida don asplenium
Haske
Wannan fern yana da hoto sosai, amma baya yarda da haskoki kai tsaye na rana, daga abin da aka bada shawara ga inuwa dashi.
Yanayin Zazzabi
Asplenium yana son zafi sosai. Don haka, a cikin lokacin dumi, yana jin daɗi a zazzabi na 20-25, a cikin hunturu, kuna buƙatar tabbatar da cewa yawan zafin jiki bai ƙasa da digiri 18 ba. Ba Ya son zayyanawa.
Haushi
Bukatar ƙara zafi (kusan kashi 60). Ana yaba fesa ruwa akai-akai tare da daskararru kadan kuma koyaushe ruwa mai laushi ana bada shawara. Kuma ana iya saka wannan karar a babban falo, wanda dole ne a fara cika da tsakuwa ko kuma yumɓu da aka faɗaɗa kuma a zuba ruwa kaɗan.
Yadda ake ruwa
A lokacin bazara-lokacin bazara, shuka yana buƙatar yawan shayarwa. A cikin lokacin sanyi, ya kamata ya kasance matsakaici. Don waɗannan dalilai, yi amfani da ruwa mai laushi a zazzabi a ɗakin. Hakanan zaka iya shayar da tsirrai, amma da ƙanƙantar da shi a cikin kwandon ruwa cike da ruwa.
Manyan miya
Kuna buƙatar ciyar da fern daga Afrilu zuwa Satumba. Yi wannan lokaci 1 cikin makonni 4, ta amfani da takin zamani na tsire-tsire na ornamental (amfani ½ ɓangare na shawarar da aka ba da shawarar).
Siffofin Juyawa
Ana aiwatar da juyawa kamar yadda ya cancanta kuma a yi amfani da tukunya ɗan ƙarami fiye da na baya. Ya kamata ƙasa ta zama mai ɗan acidic da sako-sako. Ana iya yin cakuda ƙasa da kansa ta hanyar haɗawa da takardar, peat da ƙasa humus, har da yashi a cikin rabo na 3: 2: 1: 2. Hakanan ana bada shawara don zuba gansakken sphagnum ko yanki na gawayi a cikin cakuda ƙasa.
Yadda ake yaduwa
Asalin da ake yada viviparous yana da saurin yaduwa ta yara, kuma ƙirar da ke da siffar gida - ta rarraba daji.
Matsaloli masu yiwuwa
- Tukwane ko rawanin launin launin ruwan kasa daga kasan ganyayyaki - Waɗannan ne spores wanda shuka shuka, kuma suna samar da lokacin sporulation (a cikin wani girma fern).
- Hannun ganyayyaki sun bushe - karancin zafi.
- Leaflet curl amma ba bushe - low zazzabi, daftarin.
- Cikakkun takardu da alamun ƙona akan su - haske mai tsananin wucewa, matsa zuwa wani wuri mai duhu.
- Liaƙƙarfan ɗanɗano yayin da ake amfani da ƙasa - zai yiwu ambaliya da samuwar rot a kan rhizome.
