Kolumneya wata itaciya ce mai tsire-tsire na ganye a cikin gesneriaceae. Unpretentious a cikin kulawa, yana da harbe-fure da fure mai haske. Kuna iya jin sunan sa na biyu - "kifin gwal" (a tsari da launi na fure).
Matasa harbe na shuka ya kai sama, amma yayin da suka girma, sai suka fara faɗi. Kurangarun suna da fa'ida, amma mai rauni, tana kaiwa tsawon 8-10 cm.Duk ganye suna da kololuwa ko sifar zuciya, yayin da filin yayi laushi (mai sheki), tare da kaifi mai kaifi. A wannan yanayin, rassan galibi suna da yawa, walƙiyar haske.
Tsawon farantin ganye shine 4-10 cm. Furen yana kusa da tsakiyar ɓangaren harbin, yana barin tushe na sinus ɗin ganye. Petals masu ruwan hoda, ruwan lemo ko shuɗi. Lokacin fure yana faɗuwa a cikin hunturu ko farkon bazara, lokacin bazara yana cikin ƙasan kudu.
Jinsunan Kolumneya da iri
Akwai ɗumbin yawa da nau'ikan columnae, amma zaka iya la'akari da samfuran samfuran da aka fi amfani dasu don shayarwa na cikin gida.
Carnival na Columnae - yana nunawa ta watsar da ƙananan koren duhu mai duhu, kuma a lokacin lokutan furanni, furanni masu rawaya mai haske suma suna bayyana, tare da iyakar kan iyaka mai kyau a kan furannin.
Kolumney Allen - mai haske herbaceous shuka tare da m ja furanni. Wani siyayyar fasalin shine gaskiyar cewa harbe suna girma da sauri, yana haifar da tsinkayen inabi.
Kolumneya Krakatau - yana da koren duhu, leavesan ganye da kuma fure mai launin lemo mai haske.
Jini Red columnar - rarrabe ta manyan ganye da kuma lokacin farin ciki harbe. Kuma filayen fure, kamar yadda sunan yake nuna, suna da launi ja. Bugu da kari, a gefe na ganye akwai ja aibobi (a cikin nau'i na stains).
Bankunan Columnae - akan harbe har tsawon tsayi mita guda, ana samun kananan ganyayyaki masu haske da furanni masu launin shuɗi.
Kolumney Mai Girma - Ganyen wannan nau'ikan an bambanta su ta hanyar kwarjinin abincin su da kuma yanayin farfaɗinsa.
Kolumney Shida - bambanci bayyananne daga wasu nau'in shine kasancewar tari mai launin ja akan dogayen fure da kuma a bayan ganye. Furen da ke ciki tare da tsawon tsawon harbe suna fentin rawaya.
Kulawar gida na Columnae
Kolumney yana son mai haske, amma ya ba da haske. A lokacin furanni, ana iya buƙatar ƙarin wutar lantarki. Tun da wannan tsire-tsire ba ya yarda da hasken rana kai tsaye da zayyana, ba a ba da shawarar ɗaukar shi zuwa titi (kazalika da sanya shi a baranda, baranda, da dai sauransu).
A lokacin bazara, Kolumna tana jin daɗi a t = + 23 ... + 27 ° C. Bambanci tare da yanayin zafi shima zai yiwu, amma a ƙarƙashin yanayin kawai - haɓaka yanayin iska. A cikin hunturu, suna ba da shawarar rage yawan zafin jiki na ɗakin zuwa + 16 ... + 18 ° C, wanda zai ba da gudummawa ga aiki mai ɗorewa na sababbin furannin fure.
Violet ko Saintpaulia kuma wakili ne na dangin Gesneriaceae; tana buƙatar kulawa ta dace lokacin barin gida. Za ku sami duk shawarwarin da suka dace don haɓaka a cikin wannan labarin.
Watering Shafi da Gumi
Rigar zafi watakila shine mafi mahimmancin yanayi don ajiye wannan itacen inabin na wurare masu zafi a gida. Sabili da haka, don kula da yanayin al'ada na columna, wajibi ne don fesa shi kullun ko shigar da iska mai iska. Bugu da ƙari, zaku iya gina humidifiers na wucin gadi: rufe babban falo tare da m pebbles, zuba ruwa kuma sanya tukunya tare da shuka a saman. A wannan yanayin, matakin ruwa bai isa ƙasan tukunyar ba. Ta haka ne, daskarar da yanayin danshi zai faru kai tsaye kusa da fure.
Ruwa ya zama mai laushi, ba da izinin lemun tsami ba, in ba haka ba inji zai mutu. Daidaita yawan ruwa kamar yadda saman ƙasa yake bushewa, da guji tsayawa da ruwa a cikin kwanon rufi. Godiya ga magudanar ruwa - ruwan ba ya tsayawa a tukunya, amma ya zama dole a magudana daga kwanon.
Dandanawa
Kolumneya yana da tsarin tushen rauni mai rauni da damuwa, saboda haka ana ta yada yawancin safarar mutane.
Kuna iya juyawa shuka da aka saya kwanan nan, kuma ana ɗaukar ƙarin transplants yayin da rhizome ke girma. Fasaha ta ƙunshi zuwa hanyar jingina da datti na ciki, don kada ku cutar da tushen.
Kasa don Kolumney
Ga yara da tsirrai duka, abin da ke ciki na ƙasa ba ya canzawa. Don yin wannan, tukunyar tsaka-tsaki mai zurfi ba zurfin tukunya yana cika da magudanar magudanar ruwa sai bayan wannan abin da ke bi.
Zaka iya siyan shago a cikin shago mai cakuda ƙasa, wanda aka yi musamman don semi-epiphytes. Hakanan zaka iya yin kebantattun abubuwa tare da abubuwan da ke gaba: ƙasar turɓaya, ƙasa mai ganye, peat da cakuda yashi, gansakuka da gawayi (4: 4: 2: 1).
Takin taki na Kolumna
A lokacin rani, lokacin haɓaka mai aiki, ba zai cutar da shafi ba don ciyar da hadadden takin ma'adinai. Don yin wannan, a cikin shagunan fure zaka iya sayan kayan haɓaka musamman waɗanda aka daidaita don tsire-tsire na cikin gida.
Suna kashe aure tare da ruwa lokacin shayarwa (guje wa hulɗa tare da ganyayyaki).
Ganyen Shafi
Kowace shekara, bayan fure, a matsayin hanyar sake farfadowa, ana yin girki, in ba haka ba, a cikin 'yan shekaru liana za ta yi girma kuma ta rasa kyanta.
Bugu da kari, kar a manta da batun cirewar furanni, ganyaye da vines.
Rarraba yadudduka ta hanyar katako
Hanya mafi sauƙaƙa na yaduwar wannan tsiron shine yan itace. Komawa cikin watan Fabrairu da Maris, ya kamata a yanka itace (daga firam inda matasa harbe suke), tsayin 6-7 cm kuma barin ƙima ya wuce ganye 4-5. Rooting ne da za'ayi a cikin m substrate (duniya ƙasa tare da Bugu da kari na peat).
Kula da shuki ya ƙunshi kiyayewa a cikin wurin dumin dumin dumin dumama (+ 21 ° С ... + 24 ° С). Bugu da kari, yana da fa'ida cewa a kullum ana shayar da ruwa a matsakaici ne kawai (ba a yarda da hana ruwa ba).
Da zaran wata sabuwar ganye ta tsiro, to, tushen ya ci nasara (sababbin Tushen sun kafa), kuma yanzu zaku iya juyar da shuka a cikin tukunya, a cikin dindindin.
Columnia girma da iri
Akwai kuma karin aikin tursasawa - zuriya. Babban hasara shine gaskiyar cewa ba duk tsaba suke shuka su rayu ba. Gardenerswararrun lambu kawai ke ba da wannan hanyar.
Tsaba yana shuka a cikin yanayin tsirrai kawai. Ana aiwatar da aikin mafi kyau, na tsari, kusa da ƙarshen watan Fabrairu. An shuka tsaba a farfajiya na wani rububin mai cike da ruwa (cakuda peat da yashi), dan kadan crumble a saman tare da ƙasa kuma an rufe shi da fim. Zazzabi na greenhouse yakamata ya kasance cikin kewayon + 23 ... + 25 ° С. Kulawa ta yau da kullun shine don fitar da iska mai laushi da kuma sanya ruwan wuta, kamar yadda ake buƙata.
Bayyan bayyanar farkon harbe mai yiwuwa ne bayan makonni 2-3. Bayan haka, harbe matasa suna buƙatar kyakkyawan haske, amma ba hasken rana kai tsaye. Mafi kyawun zaɓi shine shigar da fitilar mai kyalli. Da zaran harbe ya samo ganye 3-4 - ana iya dasa su cikin tukwane. Ba a ɗaukar cutar columna.
Cutar da kwari
Game da wuce kima ruwa da stagnation na ruwa a kan harbe da kuma tushen na iya bayyana m launin toka. Idan akwai bincike, ya zama dole a hanzarta yin aiki, ba tare da fara aiwatar da abin ba.
Duk yankin da abin ya shafa (idan ƙaramin ne) dole ne a cire shi kuma a watsa shi, ana kula da tushen da wuraren da aka yanke tare da maganin kashe ƙwaro. Kafin dasawa, bincika tushen, idan akwai rauni a wurin, sannan kuma cire sashin da abin ya shafa. Idan an gano kamuwa da cuta a ƙarshen zamani (Tushen da ke fama da gabaɗaya), to, ana shirya ingantattun harbe-harben lafiya ga tumatir.
Columnae wani lokaci ana kaiwa hari aphids, garkuwa, thrips da gizo-gizo mitecewa shirya a kan ganye da mai tushe. Jiyya ta ƙunshi fesawa tare da kwari.
